They’re some of the most visited sites around the world.

But dozens of UNESCO World Heritage Sites could be wiped out by 2050 – thanks to climate change.

Researchers from Climate X used climate models to predict how flooding, coastal erosion, landslides, wind-based hazards, storms and cyclones will impact landmarks around the world.

Their analysis highlights 50 sites at risk – including four in the UK.

‘Our findings serve as a stark warning for governments, preservationists, and the global community to prioritise the safeguarding of our planet – to preserve our ancient monuments and our current assets and infrastructure- and to protect life today and into the future,’ said Lukky Ahmed, CEO and co-founder of Climate X.

They're some of the most visited sites around the world. But dozens of UNESCO World Heritage Sites could be wiped out by 2050 – thanks to climate change

They’re some of the most visited sites around the world. But dozens of UNESCO World Heritage Sites could be wiped out by 2050 – thanks to climate change

Researchers from Climate X used climate models to predict how flooding, coastal erosion, landslides, wind-based hazards, storms and cyclones will impact landmarks around the world. Pictured: The Forth Bridge in Scotland

Researchers from Climate X used climate models to predict how flooding, coastal erosion, landslides, wind-based hazards, storms and cyclones will impact landmarks around the world. Pictured: The Forth Bridge in Scotland

Their analysis highlights 50 sites at risk – including four in the UK. Pictured: the archipelago of St Kilda, Outer Hebrides

Their analysis highlights 50 sites at risk – including four in the UK. Pictured: the archipelago of St Kilda, Outer Hebrides

UNESCO’s World Heritage list currently includes 1,223 sites, which are considered so important for our planet’s future that they should be protected forever.

In their new study, researchers from Climate X set out to understand which of these sites could perish because of climate change.

The team used Climate X’s Spectra platform, which models how climate change will affect properties, assets and infrastructure under various scenarios.

Algorithms within the platform quantify the risk from extreme weather to model the future likelihood of 16 different climate hazards — from extreme heat to tropical cyclones and flooding — across eight warming scenarios over a 100-year time horizon.

Topping the list is Indonesia's Subak System, which is vulnerable to surface flooding, extreme heat days, and drought risk

Topping the list is Indonesia’s Subak System, which is vulnerable to surface flooding, extreme heat days, and drought risk

UNESCO's World Heritage list currently includes 1,223 sites, which are considered so important for our planet's future that they should be protected forever. Australia's Kakadu National Park, is at risk of surface flooding and wildfires

UNESCO’s World Heritage list currently includes 1,223 sites, which are considered so important for our planet’s future that they should be protected forever. Australia’s Kakadu National Park, is at risk of surface flooding and wildfires

In their new study, researchers from Climate X set out to understand which sites could perish because of climate change. Pictured: New Lanark, Scotland

In their new study, researchers from Climate X set out to understand which sites could perish because of climate change. Pictured: New Lanark, Scotland

The analysis revealed 50 key sites at risk if global greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise at the current rate.

Topping the list is Indonesia’s Subak System, which is vulnerable to surface flooding, extreme heat days, and drought risk.

This is followed by Australia’s Kakadu National Park, which is at risk of surface flooding and wildfires, and China’s Quanzhou: Emporium of the World, which is at risk of drought.

Other key sites included on the list are Australia’s Sydney Opera House, the US’s Olympic National Park, Switzerland’s Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch, and Korea’s Sansa Buddhist Mountain Monasteries.

Here in the UK, four sites are included in the risk list.

Algorithms within the platform quantify the risk from extreme weather to model the future likelihood of 16 different climate hazards — from extreme heat to tropical cyclones and flooding — across eight warming scenarios over a 100-year time horizon. Pictured: Cistercian Abbey of Fontenay, France

Algorithms within the platform quantify the risk from extreme weather to model the future likelihood of 16 different climate hazards — from extreme heat to tropical cyclones and flooding — across eight warming scenarios over a 100-year time horizon. Pictured: Cistercian Abbey of Fontenay, France

The analysis revealed 50 key sites at risk if global greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise at the current rate. Pictured: Konark Sun Temple, India

The analysis revealed 50 key sites at risk if global greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise at the current rate. Pictured: Konark Sun Temple, India

Yorkshire's Studley Royal Park, is most vulnerable to severe storms, according to the researchers

Yorkshire’s Studley Royal Park, is most vulnerable to severe storms, according to the researchers

The Forth Bridge – a railway bridge across the Firth of Forth in the east of Scotland – and remote archipelago, St Kilda, are both vulnerable to coastal flooding, according to Climate X.

New Lanark – an 18th century mill village in Scotland – is at risk of damage from landslides, while Yorkshire’s Studley Royal Park, is most vulnerable to severe storms.

‘The potential impact of climate change on these sites is profound,’ Mr Ahmed said.

‘But it’s not just our past heritage that’s at risk – it’s our present, too.

‘While the loss of these cultural treasures – many of which have endured for millennia – would of course be devastating, it’s also vital to remember the real societal and economic impact of climate change is happening in the here and now.’

The 50 most at-risk UNESCO World Heritage Sites globally

  1. The Cultural Landscape of the Bali Province: The Subak System, Indonesia – surface flood, extreme heat days & drought risks
  2. Kakadu National Park, Australia – surface flood & wildfire risks
  3. Quanzhou: Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan, China – drought risk
  4. Engelsberg Ironworks, Sweden – surface flood & river flood risks
  5. Sinharaja Forest Reserve, Sri Lanka – surface flood & extreme heat risks
  6. Decorated Cave of Pont d’Arc, known as Grotte Chauvet-Pont d’Arc, Ardèche, France – surface flood & landslide risks
  7. West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou, China – surface flood & drought risks
  8. Fujian Tulou, China – surface flood & extreme heat days risks
  9. Ombilin Coal Mining Heritage of Sawahlunto, Indonesia – surface flood, extreme heat days & drought risks
  10. Himeji-jo, Japan – surface flood risk
  11. Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch, Switzerland – river flood risk
  12. Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen, Germany – river flood risk
  13. Rjukan-Notodden Industrial Heritage Site, Norway – surface flood risk
  14. Khangchendzonga National Park, India – surface flood risk
  15. Sun Temple, Konârak, India – surface flood & drought risks
  16. Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodaro, Pakistan – river flood & drought risks
  17. Cistercian Abbey of Fontenay, France – surface flood risk
  18. Sites of Japan’s Meiji Industrial Revolution: Iron and Steel, Shipbuilding and Coal Mining, Japan – tropical cyclone & storm surge risks
  19. Keoladeo National Park, India – surface flood & drought risks
  20. Srebarna Nature Reserve, Bulgaria – river flood risks
  21. Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area, China – surface flood & drought risks
  22. Historic Centres of Stralsund and Wismar, Germany – river flood, surface flood & storm risks
  23. Sydney Opera House, Australia – coastal flood & storm surge risks
  24. Studley Royal Park including the Ruins of Fountains Abbey, England – storm risks
  25. Olympic National Park, USA – river flood, surface flood & landslide risks
  26. Mount Qingcheng and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System, China – river flood & drought risks
  27. Danube Delta, Romania – river flood risk
  28. Komodo National Park, Indonesia – surface flood, extreme heat days & drought risks
  29. South China Karst, China – river flood, surface flood & drought risks
  30. Tr’ondëk-Klondike, Canada – river flood & surface flood risks
  31. Bryggen, Norway – coastal flood & drought risks
  32. Provins, Town of Medieval Fairs, France – river flood risk
  33. Doñana National Park, Spain – river flood, surface flood, coastal flood & drought risks
  34. Red Bay Basque Whaling Station, Canada – coastal flood risk
  35. Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui, China – Xidi and Hongcun – surface flood risk
  36. Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty, South Korea – surface flood risk
  37. Sundarbans National Park, India – surface flood & drought risks
  38. Ha Long Bay – Cat Ba Archipelago, Vietnam – coastal flood, tropical cyclone, extreme heat days, drought, storm surge & landslide risks
  39. Everglades National Park, USA – coastal flood, tropical cyclone, extreme heat days, drought & storm surge risks
  40. West Norwegian Fjords, Norway – Geirangerfjord and Nærøyfjord – coastal flood risk
  41. Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City, China – river flood & drought risks
  42. Yin Xu, China – river flood, surface flood & drought risks
  43. Vizcaya Bridge, Spain – coastal flood risk
  44. New Lanark, Scotland – landslide risk
  45. St Kilda, Scotland – coastal flood risk
  46. Jongmyo Shrine, South Korea – surface flood & drought risks
  47. Churches and Convents of Goa, India – surface flood & drought risks
  48. The Forth Bridge, Scotland – coastal flood risk
  49. Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape, China – river flood, surface flood & drought risks
  50. Sansa, Buddhist Mountain Monasteries, South Korea – river flood & surface flood risks